Which anatomical structure contributes to exacerbation of dry eye syndrome?

The conjunctiva plays a significant role in exacerbating dry eye syndrome. This thin, transparent membrane lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the white part of the eyeball (sclera). Its primary function is to keep the eye moist by producing mucus and tears, which help maintain the stability of the tear film and provide a barrier against foreign objects and microorganisms.

When dry eye syndrome occurs, one of the main issues is the insufficiency of tears or an imbalanced tear composition, which can lead to inflammation and damage to the surface of the eye. The conjunctiva is directly involved in this process; any disruption or inadequacy in tear production can cause the conjunctiva to become inflamed and exacerbate the symptoms of dryness, irritation, and discomfort.

In contrast, the cornea is responsible for focusing light but does not directly produce tears. The iris and pupil primarily regulate the amount of light that enters the eye, and they do not have a direct role in moisture retention or tear film stability. Thus, the conjunctiva’s involvement in tear production and maintenance makes it a key player in the exacerbation of dry eye syndrome.