What physiological change occurs to gastric emptying during pregnancy?

During pregnancy, gastric emptying slows down due to hormonal changes and the physical effects of the growing uterus. Increased levels of progesterone, which is a hormone produced during pregnancy, lead to the relaxation of smooth muscle, including that in the gastrointestinal tract. This relaxation can result in a longer time for food to move from the stomach into the small intestine, thereby slowing gastric emptying.

Additionally, as the uterus expands, it puts pressure on the stomach and intestines, which can also contribute to a feeling of fullness and prolong the time it takes for food to exit the stomach. This physiological change is important as it allows for better nutrient absorption for the developing fetus and helps with the increased energy requirements of the mother. Overall, the combination of hormonal and physical factors leads to the slowing of gastric emptying during pregnancy.